Aleksandr Rudenko

Some buildings and structures in our country are in a limited-operability and even emergency condition after an explosive impact, as well as due to their high physical wear. Professor at the SPbGASU Department of Construction Management Aleksandr Rudenko proposed a new comprehensive approach to their restoration, ensuring high efficiency, safety, information content, remote assessment of the results of work at all stages of production. We talked to him about the essence and novelty of the approach.

– What exactly do you study in your research?

– The topic of my research is "Organization of repair and restoration works of buildings after explosive impact based on an integrated approach using laser scanning, neural network and 4D modeling". It is carried out within the SPbGASU grant 20-NPR-25. The work contains an analytical review of the fundamental theoretical provisions of the physical processes of explosive impact on barriers. We have studied the existing approaches to predicting the degree of damage to buildings with the clarification of the mathematical calculation model. The factors influencing the duration and quality of work on the restoration and repair of construction projects, as well as the possible nature of damage and categories of the technical condition of buildings after explosive impact have been analyzed. An organizational and technological mechanism for the restoration and repair of construction projects is proposed.

The relevance and scientific and practical significance of the study are determined by the fact that a significant number of buildings in the Bryansk, Belgorod, Kursk, Rostov, Volgograd, Saratov regions and in new regions of Russia have been damaged by external explosive impact. In addition, capital construction projects on the balance sheet have a high degree of physical depreciation. Thus, according to Rosstat data for 2023, the depreciation of at least 257.4 million square meters of administrative, industrial and residential buildings exceeded 66 percent.

The organization of restoration and repair of buildings in these conditions requires a different, comprehensive approach that ensures high efficiency, information content, safety, remote access to the assessment of results at all stages of work and multi-channel access to results. This can be implemented on the basis of the stages of both the "planning-control" complex and a set of tools: laser scanning, neural network and 3D modeling, which to date has not been sufficiently studied and developed.

The research work identifies, groups and ranks the most significant factors affecting the duration and quality of restoration and repair. A regression analysis was performed and a mathematical model of the impact of factors on the efficiency of construction and installation works (CIW) was developed. Using neural network modeling tools, an algorithm for planning the production of CIW using the methods of critical works (MCW), continuous use of resources (CUR) and continuous development of work fronts (CDW). Based on the above, proposals were developed for planning and monitoring the implementation of CIW using a set of laser scanning tools, neural network and 4D modeling.

– Is this precisely what makes your research novel?

– Based on the results of the research work, provisions of scientific and practical significance have been developed: firstly, the design and mathematical model for predictive assessment of the degree of damage and technical condition of a building has been adjusted taking into account the parameters of explosive impact; secondly, a regression-analytical model has been developed for taking into account the impact of significant factors on the duration and quality of restoration and repair; thirdly, an organizational and technological model for restoration and repair of construction projects has been developed based on the following tools: laser scanning, 4D and neural network modeling; fourthly, an aggregated "object-node" method for restoration and repair of construction projects has been developed based on optimal design and organizational and technological solutions with the calculation for each proposed solution of such basic spatial-technological and resource parameters as the number of work fronts and sections, flow capacity, production rate, labor intensity, labor costs, consumption of building materials, estimated cost of work; fifthly, a software and information complex for calendar planning and dynamic adjustment of repairs to construction projects has been developed in the integrated PyCharm environment of the Python programming language, which makes it possible to determine the duration of work using the methods of R&D, MCW, CDW, as well as their organizational and technological reliability.

Thus, a comprehensive approach is proposed that allows interactive implementation of planning and control processes as a single system with the ability to dynamically adjust construction and monitoring work during their implementation. All of the above is the essence of the novelty of the study.

– In what main directions could the expected results of your research be used?

– In science, the obtained dependencies allow predicting the consequences of explosive impact and possible categories of technical condition of buildings depending on the expected power and type of explosive impact on the building. The proposed aggregated approach, information and organizational-technological models of restoration and repair will allow modeling all production parameters and the nature of their dependencies. In real construction, the application of the research results will significantly improve the efficiency of planning and monitoring of construction and installation works using the methods of R&D, MCW, CDW taking into account the risks during their implementation. In the educational process, the obtained results are appropriate to use in the study of disciplines considering the technical inspection of capital construction projects, technical operation of buildings and structures, organization, planning and management in the process of repair and restoration works.